THE NAWABS
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Mughal King Aurangazeb’s representative General Zulfikar
Khan invaded and captured Vellore, Ginjee and Arcot. He brought
the Nayaks of Tanjore, and Madurai and the Rajah of Trivancore under
the control of the mughals. He established the mughal rule in the
Carnatic region and became the Nawab. The sovereign representative
of the mughal empire in the carnatic region was called as Nawab.
Arcot was made as head quarters of the Nawab rulers. |
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| Independent Rule | |
After the death of Zulfikar
Khan his deputy general Daud Khan acted as a Nawab for a short time.
He was succeeded by sadatulla Khan. Taking advantage of the political
situation and weakness of the Mughal Empire he became an independent
Nawab of Carnatic region. He extended his kingdom up to Kaveri. |
Dost Ali
Then Dost Ali became the Nawab. During
his period the Nawab army under the combined leadership of his son Safdar
Ali and his son in law Chanda Sahib fought vigorously and brought Madras,
Pondicherry, Thanjavur, Trichy, Madurai, Trivancore under the Nawab rule.
Then a political change took place. At the invitation of the Rajah of
South, the Maratha army came to Tamilnadu and defeated the Nawab army.
Dost Ali was killed and Chanda Sahib was arrested. The Marathas allowed
Dost Ali’s son Safdar Ali as the Nawab.
European influence: There was a lot of in fights among the Nawab’s
family members over the throne. Taking advantage of the weakness of the
Nawabs the French and the English consolidated their position in the Carnatic
region.
Anwar-ud-din
Anwar ud din of Wallajah became the
next Nawab. During his tenure the English built St. George Fort at Chennai.
The French established their control in Pondicherry. In violation of Nawab
Anwar ud din’s son order the French army captured Fort St. George
from the English. This led to a war between the Nawab army and the French
army in 1746 at Adayar. This is known as battle of Adyar. The French army
defeated the Nawab army in this battle.
Chanda Sahib: Later, the French Governor Dupleix released Chanda Sahib
from jail and sent him to fight against the English. Anwar-ud-din was
killed at the battle of Ambur in 1749. The British tried to make Anwar
Ud din’s son Mohamad Ali as next Nawab. But the French Governor
wanted to make Chanda Sahib as the next Nawab. Finally Chanda Sahib becomes
the Nawab with the help of the French.
Mohained Ali
When Chanda Sahib marched with his army to Trichy the British General Robert Clive captured the Nawab’s fort at Arcot and Cuddalore. The English made Mohammed Ali as Nawab, Mohammed Ali captured Nellore and Thanjavur. He defeated the Poligas of South and the pathans of Madurai.
The English Control
The French tried to make Raja Sahib
the son of Chanda Sahib as Nawab and gain control over the carnatic region.
This attempt failed. The English got final victory Nawabs and consolidated
their position by bringing all the areas of Nawabs under the British rule.
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